Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2: A Strong Prognostic Factor of Survival

Abstract Background: Renal failure is common in patients with chronic heart failure, with a prevalence ranging from 20 % to 57% worldwide. It is associated with a poor prognosis and a high risk of readmission. Objectives: The purpose of our study is to show the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic features of Moroccan patients with chronic heart failure who had developed a chronic renal failure. The endpoints were cardiac death and any cause of hospitalization. Methods: 563 patients followed for chronic heart failure at the heart failure unit in the Department of Cardiology of the University Hospital Ibn Rushd of Casablanca in Morocco, between July 30, 2012 and July 30, 2016 were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of cardiorenal syndrome. Results: Compared to patients who had no cardiorenal syndrome, patients with cardiorenal syndrome tended to be more aged, hypertensive and diabetic. Clinically more patients were at dyspnea stage III or IV. Biologically their hemoglobin was lower and their blood uric acid level was higher. Regarding echocardiography, their ejection fraction of the left ventricle was lower, with more of systolic dysfunction of the right ventricle and pulmonary hypertension in the CRS group, with a higher risk of readmission (p < 0.0001). The mortality was significantly higher in the group CRS (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The deterioration of renal function in chronic renal failure is associated with poor prognosis, including a high risk of rehospitalization, cardiovascular events and death. Patients who are elderly, diabetic, with a low left ventricular ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension are the most concerned.