Use of geoprocessing techniques in the optimization of the pipeline alignment of water supply systems with the use of a high definition database

ABSTRACT This paper discusses a multi-criteria GIS-based optimization model, which aims to determine the locations with the highest potential for the location of the water mains through the use of cost variables, as well as the best path for this tracing. As a result, it was possible to simulate minimum cost routes for the pipeline layout, considering criteria related to: the slope and altitude of the area, the distances of rivers and flooded areas and the proximity of highways. The analysis takes into account the importance (weight) of each criterion in the model. To minimize subjectivity in choosing the values of these weights, expert opinion was sought regarding the criteria analyzed. The HWA (Hierarchical Weight Analysis) method was used to weigh the criteria. To apply the methodology, the study area used an excerpt from the Pajeú pipeline in the state of Pernambuco and a high definition database from the Pernambuco Three-dimensional Program, as well as the SRTM/TOPODATA database. The results obtained through GIS allowed us to identify the areas considered to be the most suitable for the location of the pipeline and to determine an optimized route for this route. In practice, it meant determining a route for the pipeline installation, which suggests that the use of GIS and optimization techniques can help decision making regarding the design of water supply systems.